This is a method for producing graphene. One type of direct chemical synthesis is the so-called solvo-thermal synthesis. In these processes, spontaneous crystallizations occur from liquid when they are in sealed autoclave vessels.
Basically, you combine a carbon source like a sodium metal to give a free carbon to sodium chloride.
More specifically, you would takelaboratory-grade ethanol and sodium as starting materials to synthesize sodium ethoxide.
Then what is called pyrolysis is performed, which essentially is thermal decomposition of material, to a fused array of graphene sheets that can be easily dispersed using mild sonication.